Nymphoides Ség.
- Séguier, J.-F. 1754. Plantae Veronenses: Supplementum 3. p. 121.
- Trachysperma Raf.
- Rafinesque-Schmaltz, C.S. 1808. Medical Repository. New York 5: 352.
- Schweyckerta C.C.Gmel.
- Gmelin, C.C. 1805. Flora Badensis Alsatica v. 1. p. 447.
- Villarsia J.F.Gmel.
- Gmelin, J.F. 1791. Systema Naturae Tomus II. 13 ed. p. 447.
- Anonymos Walter
- Walter, T. 1788. Flora Caroliniana p. 108-109.
- Waldschmidia Weber ex F.H.Wigg.
- Weber, G.H. ex Wiggers, F.H. 1780. Primitiae Florae Holsaticae p. 20.
- Nymphoides Tourn. ex Medik.
- de Tournefort, J.P. ex Medikus, F.K. 1789. Phil. Bot. 1:35.
- Limnanthemum S.G.Gmel.
- Gmelin, S.G. 1769. Novi Commentarii Academiae Scientarum Imperalis Petropolitanae 14(1):527, t. 17.
- Nymphoides Hill
- Hill, J. 1756. The British Herbal p. 77.
- Nymphoides Tourn.
- de Tournefort, J.P. 1700. Institutiones Rei Herbariae p. 153-154 t. 67.
Limnanthemum sect. Waldschmidtia (Weber ex F.H.Wigg.) Griseb.
- Gilg, E. in Engler, A. and Prantl, K. 1895. II. 6. Menyanthoideae-Menyantheae (Gentianaceae). Die Natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien 4(2):105-108.
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Bl. in dichten Büscheln, von 2 fast gegenständigen B. gestützt und scheinbar in deren Achseln stehend. S. nur ziemlich wenige, zusammengedrückt, geflügelt und gewimpert. - Hierher nur 1 Art, L. nymphaeoides (L.) Lk., über Mittel- und Südeuropa verbreitet und durch das gemäßigte Asien bis China und Japan vordringend.
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Flowers in dense bundles, supported by two subopposite leaves and apparently in their axil. Seeds only quite few, squeezed together, winged and fringed. - Here only one species, L. nymphaeoides (L.) Lk., spread over central and southern Europe, and penetrating through temperate Asia to China and Japan.
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Limnanthemum sect. Nymphaeanthe Griseb.
- Gilg, E. in Engler, A. and Prantl, K. 1895. II. 6. Menyanthoideae-Menyantheae (Gentianaceae). Die Natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien 4(2):105-108.
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Bl. in wenig- bis vielblütigen Büscheln, meist von einem B. gestützt. S. fast kugelig, ungeflügelt, glatt oder schwachhöckerig bis -stachelig. - Hierher gehört eine große Zahl von Arten, welche zwar oft sehr stark habituell abweichen, aber in vielen Fällen durch alle Übergangsstufen mit einander verbunden werden. Es sollen deshalb nur die wichtigsten derselben hier angeführt werden. - L. cristatum (Roxb.) Griseb. in ganz Indien, dem indisch-malayischen Gebiet, China und Japan häufig; L. indicum (L.) Thw., verbrietet über Persien, Vorder- und Hinterindien, China, Japan, das indisch-malayische Gebiet, Australien, Fidjiinseln und das ganze tropische Afrika; L. forbesianum Griseb. auf Ceylon und vielleicht auch in Mossambik.?; L. thunbergianum Griseb. am Cap sehr häufig; L. brevipedicellatum Vatke; L. orbiculatum (Lam.) Griseb. in Senegambien; L. crenatum F.Muell. und L. geminatum (R.Br.) Griseb. im nördlichen und östlichen Australien sehr verbreitet; außerdem noch mehrere Arten von mehr localer Verbreitung in Australien. L. lacunosum (Vent.) Griseb. in Nordamerika von Canada bis Texas häufig, L. trachyspermum Gray im südlichen Nordamerika; L. humboldtianum (Kunth) Griseb. von Westindien bis ins südliche Südamerika verbreitet; L. microphyllum (St.Hil.) Griseb. auf Brasilien beschränkt.
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Flowers in few to many-flowered bundles, usually supported by a single leaf. Seeds nearly spherical, not winged, smooth or weakly bumpy to prickly. - Here belong a large number of species, which certainly differ often very strongly in habit, but in many cases through all transition stages they are connected with each other. Thus only the most important of these species should be stated here. - L. cristatum (Roxb.) Griseb., completely in India, the Indian-Malaysian area, and frequently China and Japan; L. indicum (L.) Thw., widespread over Persia, India and Indochina, China, Japan, the Indian-Malaysian area, Australia, the Fiji Islands and the whole of tropical Africa; L. forbesianum Griseb. on Ceylon and perhaps also in Mozambique.?; L. thunbergianum Griseb., very frequent at the Cape [of Good Hope, South Africa]; L. brevipedicellatum Vatke; L. orbiculatum (Lam.) Griseb. in Senegal and Gambia; L. crenatum F.Muell. and L. geminatum (R.Br.) Griseb., widespread in northern and eastern Australia; in addition several more local species occur in Australia. L. lacunosum (Vent.) Griseb., frequent in North America from Canada to Texas, L. trachyspermum Gray in southern North America; L. humboldtianum (Kunth) Griseb., widespread from the West Indies into southern South America; L. microphyllum (St.Hil.) Griseb., limited to Brazil.
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Limnanthemum sect. Waldschmidtia (Weber ex F.H.Wigg.) Griseb.
- Grisebach, A. in de Candolle, A. 1845. Prodromus systemis naturalis regni vegetabilis pars 9. p. 136-141.
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Umbellae axillares. Semina pauciora, complanata, alata, ciliolata.
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Umbels axillary. Seeds rather few, flattened, winged, ciliolate.
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L. nymphoides (L.) Hoffmanns. & Link
Limnanthemum sect. Nymphaeanthe Griseb.
- Grisebach, A. in de Candolle, A. 1845. Prodromus systemis naturalis regni vegetabilis pars 9. p. 136-141.
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Cymae petiolis insertae. Semina subglobosa, exalata, laevia vel muricata. Germinatio lateralis (Griseb. in ann. nat. hist. 1. p. 6. seq.). Folia basi cordata subpeltata.
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Cymes inserted on the petioles. Seeds subglobose, not winged, smooth or muricate. Germination lateral (Griseb. in ann. nat. hist. 1. p. 6. seq.). Leaves cordate at the base, subpeltate.
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L. cristatum (Roxb.) Griseb.
L. indicum (L.) Griseb.
L. kleinianum Griseb.
L. wightianum Griseb.
L. forbesianum Griseb.
L. thunbergianum Griseb.
L. ecklonianum Griseb.
L. geminatum (R.Br.) Griseb.
L. geminatum (R.Br.) Griseb. β var parvifolium Griseb.
L. fraserianum Griseb.
L. orbiculatum Griseb.
L. humboldtianum (Kunth) Griseb.
L. humboldtianum (Kunth) Griseb. β var. parvifolium Griseb.
L. microphyllum Griseb.
L. lacunosum (Vent.) Griseb.
L. lacunosum (Vent.) Griseb. β var. australe Griseb.
Limnanthemum sect. Waldschmidtia (Weber ex F.H.Wigg.) Griseb.
- Grisebach, A. 1839. Genera et species Gentianearum p. 336-348.
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Semina pauca, complanata, alata, ciliata. Inflorescentia axillaris.
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Seeds few, flattened, winged, ciliolate. Inflorescence axillary.
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L. nymphoides (L.) Hoffmanns. & Link
Limnanthemum sect. Nymphaeanthe Griseb.
- Grisebach, A. 1839. Genera et species Gentianearum p. 336-348.
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Semina subglobosa, exalata, laeva l. muricata. Inflorescentia petiolaris. - Cotyledones per germinationem inaequales (Limn. lacunosum), altera parvula a semine inclusa, altera filiformi-elongata apice tanquam vaginula plantam amplexante, radicula ortis radicibus petiolaribus mox fugitiva; planta tum petiolos sursum, radicem fibrosam deorsum agens, praeterea ramum obliquum, (sicut cotyledo ista) iterum contiguo petiolo, deorsum spectante radicum portione, oblique flexa rami propagine et gemmarum florigerarum portione petiolo opposita terminatum; eodemque modo rami toties continuantur, summis absque rami propagine. Vegetationis talis analogia quaedam in Trapa, ubi radices secundariae ex nodis superioribus ortae falso hinc pro stipulis habebantur. Quas res alio loco accuratius explicare studebo.
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Seeds subglobose, not winged, smooth to muricate. Inflorescence petiolar. - Cotyledons unequal through germination (Limn. lacunosum), other leaves quite small, enclosed by the seed, still others filiform-elongate at the apex, with a small sheath embracing the whole plant. Radicle quickly fugitive when the petiolar roots have arisen. The plant then emits petioles upwards, a fibrous root downwards, plus an oblique branch, (like the cotyledon itself) again with a contiguous petiole, with the visible portion of the roots downwards, with the extension of the branch obliquely bent, terminated by a portion of the flower-bearing bud opposite the petiole. And in the same manner all branches are continued, apart from the propagation of the branch at the tips. A certain analogy of such vegetation in Trapa, where secondary roots arisen from the higher nodes were considered falsely to be stipules. I shall be eager to explain these matters more accurately in another place.
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L. cristatum (Roxb.) Griseb.
L. indicum (L.) Griseb.
L. kleinianum Griseb.
L. wightianum Griseb.
L. forbesianum Griseb.
L. thunbergianum Griseb.
L. ecklonianum Griseb.
L. geminatum (R.Br.) Griseb.
L. geminatum (R.Br.) Griseb. β var parvifolium Griseb.
L. fraserianum Griseb.
L. humboldtianum (Kunth) Griseb.
L. lacunosum (Vent.) Griseb.
L. lacunosum (Vent.) Griseb. β var. australe Griseb.
Schweyckerta C.C.Gmel.
- Gmelin, C.C. 1805. Flora Badensis Alsatica v. 1. p. 447.
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Calyx monophyllus, quinquepartitus, persistens: laciniis lanceolatis, acutis, erectis.
Corolla monopetala, rotata. Tubus tenuissimus, calyce brevior. Limbus quinquepartitus: Laciniis ovali-rotundatis, patulis, margine utrinque fimbriatis, ciliato-laceris.
Germen superum. Stylus simplex. Stigma crispato-bilobum, obtusum. Capsula ovato-lanceolata, compressiuscula, ad margines incrassata, et rotundata, subcoriacea, unilocularis, bivalvis.
Semina numerosa, obovata, maxime compressa margine membranaceo, ciliato, circumdata, valvularum marginibus utrinque duplici serie longitudinali affixa.
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Calyx monophyllous, five-parted, persistent: lobes lanceolate, acute, erect.
Corolla monopetalous, rotate. Tube very thin, shorter than the calyx. Limb five-parted: Lobes oval-rotund, spread out, fimbriate all along the margin, ciliate-fringed.
Ovary superior. Style simple. Stigma curled-bilobate, obtuse. Capsule ovate-lanceolate, somewhat compressed, thickened at the margins, and rounded, subcoriaceous, unilocular, two-valved.
Seeds numerous, obovate, maximally compressed at the membranaceous margin, ciliate, surrounded, affixed to the margins all over with a double longitudinal series of valves.
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Nota. Ob inflorescentiae et fructificationis, partes longe a Menyanthis genere discrepantes, removi, et novum genus constituti.
Denominavi in memoriam sempiternam Botanici acutissimi J. M. Schweyckerti, hortorum Serenissimi Electoris Badensis Inspectoris.
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Notes. On account of parts of the inflorescence and fruiting differing widely from the genus of Menyanthes, I have removed this species and established a new genus.
I have named it in lasting memory of the clever botanist J.M. Schweyckert, the Most Serene Elector Inspector of the gardens at Baden.
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S. nymphoides C.C.Gmel.
Villarsia J.F.Gmel.
- Gmelin, J.F. 1791. Systema Naturae Tomus II. 13 ed. p. 447.
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Cor. campanulata. Nectar. 5 stamina metentia. Stil. o. Caps. ovata, 1-locularis polysperma.
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Corolla campanulate. Nectaries 5 measuring the stamens. Style null. Capsule ovate, unilocular, many-seeded.
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V. aquatica J.F.Gmel.
Anonymos Walter
- Walter, T. 1788. Flora Caroliniana p. 108-109.
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Calyx perianthium quinquepartitum, laciniis ovatis erectis.
Cor. monopetala campanulata. Limbus 5-partitus, laciniis ovatis.
Stam. filamenta quinque brevia. Antherae luteae ovato oblongae, erectae.
Nectaria totidem, filamenta alia mentientia, alternantia cum staminibus (filamentis brevibus antheris subrotundis).
Pist. germen ovatum. Styli nulli. Stigmata duo membranacea, apice acuta.
Per. capsula ovata supera, unilocularis.
Sem. rotunda compressa villosa numerosa, receptaculis duobus oppositis affixa.
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Calyx. Perianth five-parted, with erect, ovate lobes.
Corolla. Monopetalous, campanulate. Petal five-parted, lobes ovate.
Stamens. Filaments five, short. Anthers yellow, ovate-elongate, erect.
Nectaries on the whole measuring other filaments, alternating with the stamens (with filaments on short anthers subrotund).
Pistil. Ovary ovate. Styles null. Stigmas two, membranaceous, acute at the apex.
Per. Capsule ovate, superior, unilocular.
Seeds rotund, compressed, villous, numerous, affixed on two opposite receptacles.
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A. aquatica Walter
Waldschmidia Weber ex F.H.Wigg.
- Weber, G.H. ex Wiggers, F.H. 1780. Primitiae Florae Holsaticae p. 20.
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Calyx quinquepartitus. Corolla qunquefidus. Stigma urceolato 2-4 fidum. Capsula monolocularis, bivalvis. Semina duplicis seriei, compressa; arillus ciliatus!
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Calyx five-parted. Corolla five-parted. Stigma urceolate, 2- to 4-parted. Capsule unilocular, two-valved. Seeds in two rows, compressed. aril ciliate!
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Char. sec. Rad. fibrosa. Caulesc. radicans, ramosa, punctata. Foliat. petiolata, simplex, cordata. Inflor umbellata et verticillata. Fulcr. Glandulae vesiculares in inferiori pagina folii. Habitatio aquatica.
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Secondary characters. Root fibrous. Stem rooting, branched, punctate. Leaves petiolate, simple, cordate. Inflorescence umbellate and verticillate. [Fulcr.] Vesicular glands on the leaf underside. Habit aquatic.
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W. nymphoides Weber
Limnanthemum S.G.Gmel.
- Gmelin, S.G. 1769. Novi Commentarii Academiae Scientarum Imperalis Petropolitanae 14(1):527, t. 17.
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Cal. Per. pentaphyllum, laciniis lanceolato-oblongis, distantibus.
Cor. Pet. quinque, unguiculata; unguibus pilosis.
Stam. Fil. quinque, basi petalorum inserta, incurvata. Antherae longissimae, arcuatae, lateri filamentorum insertae.
Pist. Ovarium sphaerico-cylindricum. Stylus nullus. Stygma quadrifidum.
Per. Capsula cordato-oblonga, acuminata, bilocularis.
Sem. plura, longitudinaliter adfixa, ciliata.
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Calyx. Perianth five-leaved, lobes lanceolate-oblong, distant. Corolla. Petals five, clawed; claws pilose. Stamens. Filaments five, inserted at the base of the petals, incurved. Anthers very long, arcuate, inserted on the side of the filaments. Pistil. Ovary spherical-cylindrical. Style null. Stigma four-parted. Per. Capsule cordate-oblong, acuminate, bilocular. Seeds many, affixed longitudinally, ciliate.
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Novo huic generi nomen impono a b. Stellero Claytoniae Sibiricae destinatum, nostram in plantam apprime quadrans. quod non nisi in aquis pigris, paludibus stagnisque crescat.
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In this new genus I place the name designated by [Georg Wilhelm] Steller for Claytonia sibirica, principally arranged into our plant, because it grows only in sluggish waters, marshes and swamps.
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Nymphaeam autem foliis, crescendi modo, florumque colore e longinquo ita refert, ut putares unam et eandem plantam esse. At propius inspicienti singularis planta statim manifestatur.
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In leaves however, in manner of growing, and in the color and length of flowers it reflects Nyphaea, such that you would think them to be one and the same plant. But to someone inspecting more properly, the plant is manifest instantly as singular.
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Obs. Clytoniae [sic] maxime adfine genus.
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Obs. A genus most affined to Claytonia.
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L. peltatum S.G.Gmel.
Nymphoides Hill
- Hill, J. 1756. The British Herbal p. 77.
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The flower consists of a single petal, divided deeply into five segments, which are cut or fringed at the edges; the seed-vessel is large, and simple in its structure; the leaves stand singly, one on each footstalk.
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Linnaeus, as we have seen, properly places this among his pentandria monogynia, the threads in each flower being five, and the rudiments of the fruit single; but improperly confounds it under the same generical name with buckbean, the general form and the virtues being different.
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N. flava Hill [nomen invalidum]
Nymphoides Ség.
- Séguier, J.-F. 1754. Plantae Veronenses: Supplementum 3. p. 121.
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[description of species only]
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In fossis et rivulis ex Athesi derivaris, super vicum Zevium frequens, floreque monopetalo luteo, in quinque lacinias circa margines fimbriatas diviso, et aquis supernatante statim dignoscitur.
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In ditches and streams derived out of Athesis [Adige River], frequent over the area of Zevium [Zevio municipality]. Instantly diagnosed by a monopetalous, yellow flower, divided into five fimbriate lobes around the margins, and floating upon the water.
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N. aquis innatans Tourn.
Nymphoides Tourn.
- de Tournefort, J.P. 1700. Institutiones Rei Herbariae p. 153-154 t. 67.
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Nymphoides est plantae genus, flore A monopetalo, plerumque rotato, et multifido: ex cujus calyce B surgit pistillum C quod infimam floris partem perfodit, abitque in fructum seu thecam oblongam D, compressam, mollem, unicapsularem E, seminibus H foetam, calyptra F G involutis.
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Nymphoides is a genus of plant, with monopetalous, [plerumque] rotate, and many-parted flower, out of whose calyx protrudes a pistil that [perfodit] the deep part of the flower, and departs into an oblong fruit or [thecam], compressed, soft, unicapsular [foetam] with seeds, [calyptra involutis].
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Nymphoides dicitur quasi planta ad Nymphaeam accedens: toto enim habitu et crescendi modo eam repraesentat; sed maxime differt floris, fructus et seminis structura.
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The plant is called Nymphoides because it approaches Nymphaea: indeed the whole habit of growing resembles it. But it differs greatly in the structure of the flower, fruit, and seed.
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N. aquis innatans Tourn.
N. folio maculis purpureis notato Tourn.
N. indica flore albo fimbriato Tourn.
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approximately 50 species:
N. aquatica (J.F.Gmel.) Kuntze
N. aurantiaca (Dalzell) Kuntze
N. beaglensis Aston
N. bosseri A.Raynal
N. brevipedicellata (Vatke) A.Raynal
N. cordata (Elliott) Fernald
N. coreana (Léveille) Hara
N. crenata (F.Muell.) Kuntze
N. cristata (Roxb.) Kuntze
N. disperma Aston
N. elegans A.Raynal
N. elliptica Aston
N. exiliflora (F.Muell.) Kuntze
N. ezannoi Berhaut
N. fallax Ornduff
N. flaccida L.B.Sm.
N. forbesiana (Griseb.) Kuntze
N. furculifolia Specht
N. geminata (R.Br.) Kuntze
N. grayana (Griseb.) Kuntze
N. guineensis A.Raynal
N. hastata (Dop) Kerr
N. herzogii A.Galán-Mera & G.Navarro
N. humboldtiana (Kunth) Kuntze
N. humilis A.Raynal
N. hydrocharioides (F.Muell.) Kuntze
N. hydrophylla (Lour.) Kuntze
N. indica (L.) Kuntze
N. krishnakesara K.T.Joseph & Sivar.
N. lungtanensis S.P.Li, T.H.Hsieh & C.C.Lin
N. macrosperma Vasudevan
N. microphylla (A.St.-Hil.) Kuntze
N. milnei A.Raynal
N. minima (F.Muell.) Kuntze
N. minor (D.Don ex G.Don) S.Gupta, A.Mukherjee & M.Mondal
N. montana Aston
N. moratiana A.Raynal
N. parvifolia (Wall.) Kuntze
N. peltata (S.G.Gmel.) Kuntze
N. planosperma Aston
N. quadriloba Aston
N. rautanenii (N.E.Br.) A.Raynal
N. siamensis (Ostenf.) Kerr
N. simulans Aston
N. sivarajanii K.T.Joseph
N. spinulosperma Aston
N. spongiosa Aston
N. stygia (J.M.Black) H.Eichler
N. subacuta Aston
N. tenuissima A.Raynal
N. thunbergiana (Griseb.) Kuntze
N. tonkinensis (Dop) P.H.Hô
N. triangularis Aston
N. verrucosa (R.E.Fries) A.Galán-Mera & G.Navarro
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