Nymphoides indica (L.) Kuntze

Nymphoides indica (L.) Kuntze
- Kuntze, O. 1891. Revisio generum plantarum. p. 429.

Limnanthemum sumatrum S.Moore
- Moore, S. 1925. J. Bot. 43: suppl. 71.
Limnanthemum esquirolii Léveille
- Léveille, H. in Fedde, F. 1914. Decades plantarum novarum. Repertorium specierum novarum regni vegetabilis 13:259.
Limnanthemum senegalense (G.Don) N.E.Br.
- Brown, N.E. in Thiselton-Dyer, W.T. ed. 1904. Flora of Tropical Africa. 4(1):584-585.
Limnanthemum forsteri Seem.
- Seemann, B.C. 1866. Flora Vitiensis. p. 168.
Limnanthemum indicum (L.) Thwaites
- Thwaites, G.H. 1860. Enumeratio plantarum Zeylaniae. p. 205-206.
Limnanthemum nymphaeifolium (C.Fraser ex Hook.) F.Muell. ex Hook.
- von Mueller, F. in Hooker, W.J. 1856. North Australian botany, observations on. Journal of Botany and Kew Garden Miscellany 8:327.
Limnanthemum calycinum Miq. - Miquel, F.A. 1855. Flora Indiae Batavae. v. 2 p. 564.
Villarsia eglandulosa Griffith
- Griffith, W. 1854. Notulae ad Plantas Asiaticas (Icones Plantarum Asiaticarum). v. 4 p. 88-92.
Villarsia glandulosa Griffith
- Griffith, W. 1854. Notulae ad Plantas Asiaticas (Icones Plantarum Asiaticarum). v. 4 p. 88-92.
Menyanthes ceramica Buch.-Ham. ex Steud.
- Steudel, E.G. 1841. Nomenclator Botanicus ed. 2 v. 2 p. 45.
Menyanthes sinarica Buch.-Ham. ex Steud.
- Steudel, E.G. 1841. Nomenclator Botanicus ed. 2 v. 2 p. 45.
Limnanthemum fraserianum Griseb.
- Grisebach, A. 1839. Genera et species gentianearum. p. 336-348.
Limnanthemum indicum (L.) Griseb.
- Grisebach, A. 1839. Genera et species gentianearum. p. 336-348.
Limnanthemum kleinianum Griseb.
- Grisebach, A. 1839. Genera et species gentianearum. p. 336-348.
Limnanthemum wightianum Griseb.
- Grisebach, A. 1839. Genera et species gentianearum. p. 336-348.
Villarsia senegalensis G.Don
- Don, G. 1837. A General System of Gardening and Botany (General History of Dichlamydeous Plants) 4:167-169.
Villarsia rheedii Kostel.
- Kosteletzky, V.F. 1831. Allgemeine medizinisch-pharmazeutische Flora 3:1031.
Villarsia nymphaeifolia C.Fraser ex Hook.
- Hooker, W.J. 1830. Botanical Miscellany 1:45.
Villarsia indica Wall.
- Wallich, N. 1828. Numerical list of dried specimens of plants in the museum of the Honl. East India Company.
Menyanthes macrophylla Roth ex Roem. & Schult.
- Roemer, J.J., Schultes, J.A. 1819. Systema Vegetabilium. v. 4 p. 178-182.
Villarsia macrophylla Wight ex Roem. & Schult.
- Roemer, J.J., Schultes, J.A. 1819. Systema Vegetabilium. v. 4 p. 178-182.
Menyanthes petioliflora Stokes
- Stokes, J. 1812. A Botanical Materia Medica. v. 1 p. 299.
Villarsia indica (L.) Vent.
- Ventenat, E.P. 1803. Choix de Plantes. t. 9.
Menyanthes indica β var. Desr.
- Desroussseaux, L.A.J. in Lamarck, J.B.P. 1797. Encyclopédie Méthodique. Botanique. v. 4 p. 90.
Menyanthes indica L.
- Linnaeus, C. 1753. Species Plantarum. v. 1 p. 145.
Nymphaea ceramica Rumph.
- Rumpf, G.E. 1750. Herbarium Amboinense. v. 6 p. 173.
Nymphoides indica flore albo fimbriato Tourn.
- de Tournefort, J.P. 1700. Institutiones Rei Herbariae p. 153 t. 67.
Nedel-Ambel Rheede
- Rheede tot Drakenstein. 1696. Hortus Malabaricus xi p. 55-56. t. 28.

N. indica subsp. occidentalis A.Raynal
- Raynal, A. 1974. Le genre Nymphoides (Menyanthaceae) en Afrique et a Madagascar. Adansonia 14(3):405-458.

Limnanthemum indicum Eyles
- Eyles, F. 1916. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa 5(4):444.

type status	collector	date	locality	deposited
lectotype	LINN 203.2		[specimen of uncertain origin]	LINN

Limnanthemum esquirolii Léveille
- Léveille, H. in Fedde, F. 1914. Decades plantarum novarum.

Folium unicum sinuatum cordatum sinu obtuso et aperto; petiolus 60 cm longus; flores albi, minimi, longe pedicellati ad ortum petioli immediate fasciculati; lobi calycini lineares, mox patentes; lobi corollae lanceolati, obtusati 5-striati.	Leaf single, sinuate, cordate, with an obtuse and open sinus. Petiole 60 cm long. Flowers white, very small, longly pedicellate, fasciculate immediately at the origin of the petiole. Calyx lobes linear, soon open. Corolla lobes lanceolate, obtuse, five-striped.
Kouy-Tchéou: Lac de Shin-Gny-Fou, août 1909 (Jos. Esquirol, 2532).

Limnanthemum senegalense (G.Don) N.E.Br.
- Brown, N.E. in Thiselton-Dyer, W.T. ed. 1904. Flora of Tropical Africa. 4(1):584-585.

Leaves 1-8 in. [2.5-20.3 cm] long, 1-7¼ in. [2.5-18.4 cm] broad, orbicular or orbicular-oblong, broadly cordate, with a very open sinus at the base, very obtuse, entire or repand at the margin, subcoriaceous. False petioles often runner-like and bearing 2 or more distant leaves, with 12-30 flowers in a cluster, ½-1½ in. [1.3-3.8 cm] below the leaf-blade, stout, 1-3 lin. [2-6 mm] thick. Pedicels 1-2½ in. [2.5-6.4 cm] long, stout, ¾ lin. [1.5 mm] thick. Sepals 2½-3 lin. [5-6 mm] long, oblong-lanceolate, acute. Corolla white, ciliate, with a fringed corona at the base of the lobes (Grisebach). Fruit ellipsoid, equalling or shorter than the calyx, 6-15-seeded. Seeds 5/6-1 lin. [1.8-2.0 mm] long and slightly narrower, ⅓ lin. [0.7 mm] thick, orbicular-oblong, much compressed, sublenticular, rather thickly covered with minute papilla-like tubercles.
Upper Guinea. Senegambia: Richard Toll, Roger! and without precise locality, Leprieur! Leschenault and Perrottet (ex Grisebach). Senegal, Roussillon (ex Lamarck).
Very distinct from all the other African Species in its stouter stems or false petioles and pedicels, and the much more compressed seeds, on which (with the exception of those of L. Kirkii N.E.Br.), the tubercles are more numerous and only half as large as those on the seeds of the other species. The flowers, too, appear to be larger, but those on the specimens seen are too decayed to permit of examination. See note under L. orbiculatum, Griseb.

Villarsia glandulosa Griffith
- Griffith, W. 1854. Notulae ad Plantas Asiaticas (Icones Plantarum Asiaticarum). v. 4 p. 88-92.

Cal. aestivatione imbricatus.
Cor. gamopetala, tubo brevi, rotata, laciniis vasculorum fasciculis 3-donatis, sinubus evasculosis.
Stam. 3-seriata, 5 extima tantum fertilis tubo apicem versus inserta, filam. filiforme per totam tere longitudinem corollae, adnata evasculosa! serie interna petalis opposita. Antheram loco pili cellulosi breves directione varii, serie intima eglandulis 5, petals, oppositis hypogynis, apice ciliatis.
Anth. biloculares basin versus affixae, longitud. dehiscent.
Pollen.?
Ovarium 1-loculare. Stylus brevis crassus, apice bilobus, lobis cordatis. Stigmata leviter papillosa marginem loborum occupantia.
Placentae 2 parietales, cum margine loborum styli continui vel oppositi. Ovula plura bi-triseriata antitropa, (foramen hilum prope), tegumentes cum nucleo concretis.

Calyx aestivation imbricate.
Corolla gamopetalous, with a short tube, rotate, lobes with [3-donatis] bundles of vasculature, sinuses without vasculature
Stamens three-seriate, the outermost five fertile, inserted on the tube toward the apex. Filament filiform, terete through the whole length of the corolla, adnate, without vasculature. Internal series opposite the petals. Cellulose hairs short, varying in direction. Innermost series without glands, five, hypogynous, opposite the petals, ciliate at the apex. [check original text]
Anthers bilocular, affixed toward the base, longitudinally dehiscent.
Pollen ?
Ovary unilocular. Style short, thick, two-lobed at the apex, lobes cordate. Stigmas smoothly papillose, occupying the margin of lobes.
Placentae two, parietal, continuous with the margin of style lobes or opposite. Ovules many- or two-seriate, antitropous, (near the hilum depression), teguments [cum nucleo concretis].

Limnanthemum fraserianum Griseb.
- Grisebach, A. 1839. Genera et species gentianearum. p. 336-348.

Sepalis corolla duplo brevioribus, corollae - lobis margine fimbriatis disco non cristatis, versus basin glandula solitaria pedicellata auctis, stylo elongato bilamellato, lamellis crenulatis, foliis praemagnis reticulato-nervosis, costis tribus primariis approximatis, seminis ignotis.	Sepals twice shorter than the corolla. Corolla lobes fimbriate at the margin, without a median wing, with a single, pedicellate gland towards the base. Style elongate, bilamellate, with crenulate lamellae. Leaves very large, reticulate-veined, with three approximate, primary ribs. Seeds unknown.
Adumbr. Folium fere pedem longum et latum, auriculis approximatis exacte orbiculatum, pedunculis auriculis duplo brevioribus numerosis occultis; supra laevissimum, subtus processibus tenuibus confluis asperum, nervi per lineas excavatas in pagina inferiori notati sexangulari-reticulati, costis primariis crassioribus parallele ex petiolo decurrentibus. Radices crassae breves ex petiolo numerosae; nodus petiolaris fere immediatim sub folii insertione. Flores albi?, 6"' longi; sepala oblongo-lanceolata.	Adumbr. Leaf about 1 ft [30 cm] long and broad, exactly orbicular, with approximate auricles. Peduncles twice shorter than the auricles, numerous, hidden. Leaf very smooth above, roughened underneath with thin processes. Veins six-angled-reticulate through excavated lines, evident on the leaf underside. Primary ribs thicker, decurrent from the parallel petiole. Roots thick, short, numerous from the petiole. Petiole node with almost immediate insertion under the leaf. Flowers white?, 6 lin [1.2 mm] long. Sepals oblong-lanceolate.
Patria. Nova Hollandia in distr. Swanriver 28° Lat. A. (Fraser!).

Limnanthemum kleinianum Griseb.
- Grisebach, A. 1839. Genera et species gentianearum. p. 336-348.

Sepalis corolla duplo brevioribus capsulam aequantibus, corollae albae fundo luteae lobis margine et disco inordinante fimbriatis eglandulosis, stylo abbreviato crasso bilobo demum subnullo, seminibus numerosis laevibus nitidis obtuse carinatis, foliorum costis tribus prominulis.	Sepals twice shorter than the corolla, equaling the capsule. Corolla lobes white, yellow lower, margin and disc especially fimbriate, without glands. Style abbreviated, thick, two-lobed, at length subnull. Seeds numerous, smooth, shining, obtusely keeled. Ribs of the leaves three, prominent.
Adumbr. Pedunculi 1-2unciales, petiolo proprio 3"' longo, subpeltato. Folia 3-4" longa et lata, auriculis discretis l. approximatis, supra laevia l. asperiuscula, subtus spongioso-lacunoso-asperrima, fundo lacunarum hinc glandula consperso; folia hinc quoque utrinque laevia, subtus glandulosa; costae palmatae, 3 prominulae. A sequenti [L. wightianum], cui etiam costae hinc prominent, seminibus laevissimis caute distinguendum.	Adumbr. Peduncles 1-2 in [2.5-5.1 cm], petiole about 3 lin [6 mm] long, subpeltate. Leaf 3-4 in [7.6-10.2 cm] long and broad, with discrete or approximate auricles, smooth or somewhat roughened above, spongy-lacunose-roughened below, ... Leaves on both sides smooth, glandulose beneath. Ribs palmate, somewhat prominent, three. Distinguished with caution from the following [L. wightianum], for which the ribs are prominent, the seeds smooth.
Patria. India orientalis (Klein.!); Silhet (Wall.!). Fl. temp. pluviali et frigidiori.

Limnanthemum wightianum Griseb.
- Grisebach, A. 1839. Genera et species gentianearum. p. 336-348.

Sepalis corolla 3plo brevioribus capsulam superantibus, corollae albae? lobis margine et disco inordinante fimbriatis eglandulosis, stylo elongato tenui trilobo persistente, seminibus numerosis muricatis ecarinatis, foliorum costis hinc prominulis.	Sepals three times shorter than the corolla, surpassing the capsule. Corolla lobes white?, the margin and disc especially fimbriate, without glands. Style elongate, thin, three-lobed, persistent. Seeds numerous, muricate, without a keel. Ribs of leaves rather prominent.
Adumbr. Pedunculi numerosi 2unciales, petiolo proprio 6-12"' longo. Folia 3-4" longa et lata, hinc pedalia, laevigata l. subtus asperiuscula, costis saepius tribus subtus insigniter prominulis. Flores 8meri, in specim. zeylanicis 5meri.	Adumbr. Peduncles numerous, 2 in [5.1 cm]. Petiole about 6-12 lin [1.3-2.5 cm] long. Leaves 3-4 in [7.6-10.2 cm] long and broad, up to 1 ft [30 cm], smooth or somewhat roughened below. Ribs quite often three, rather prominent below. Flowers eight-parted, in Ceylon [Sri Lanka] specimens five-parted.
Patria. Madras (Wight.!). Ins. Zeylon (Macrae!).
Obs. His accedit species Mascarensis stylo elongato bilobo, seminibus laevibus, foliis non costatis, flore albo margine fimbriato; ceteruto ob manca quae vidi specimina haud constituenda.	Obs. A species from Madagascar with elongated, two-lobed style, smooth seeds, leaves without ribs, flowers white with fimbriate margin, is similar to these. Other imperfect specimens that I have seen should hardly be [].

Villarsia senegalensis G.Don
- Don, G. 1837. A General System of Gardening and Botany (General History of Dichlamydeous Plants) 4:167-169.

Natant; leaves peltate; segments of corolla ciliated on the margins; petioles viviparous and floriferous. Native of Senegal, floating in water. Flowers yellow? Pl. floating.

Menyanthes indica L.
- Linnaeus, C. 1753. Species Plantarum. v. 1 p. 145.

Foliis cordatis subcrenatis, corollis interne pilosis.

Leaves cordate, subcrenate. Corolla hairy within.

Nymphaea ceramica Rumph.
- Rumpf, G.E. 1750. Herbarium Amboinense. v. 6 p. 173.

Secundo. Nymphaea Ceramica alia species est, a priore multum diversa, quoad flores, sed non foliis. Caules enim ejus plures simul unum habent ortum, binos pedes longi, rotundi, glabri, flaccidi admodum, ita ut erecti sese sustinere nequeant, interne albi, fungosi, seu fistulosi.	The second. Nymphaea ceramica is another species, much diverged from the first, with respect to the flowers, but not the leaves. For its many stems have one and the same origin, being two feet [60 cm] long, round, glabrous, quite flaccid, so that they are unable to keep themselves erect, white within, fungus-like or reed-like.
Folia ejusdem sunt magnitudinis, rotunda, pinguia, glabra, sine costis, et inferius umbilicata, ubi caulis inmittitur, subtus fusca, sique fricantur, superior pars in mucum deliquescit, sed inferior est pellicula lenta, et tenuis, quae non facile finditur, aquis etiam innatant. Brevi ante folium in caule vagina locatur, quae sese aperiens, multos exhibet virides petiolos, flaccidos, et digitum longos, quorum quivis pusillum profert stellatum flosculum, magnitudine floris Tsjili seu Capsici, quique componitur ex quinque albis petalis, interne lanuginosis, quinque flava staminula gerens. Fructus autem, quantum scio, non subsequuntur.	The leaves are of the same magnitude, round, fat, glabrous, without ribs, and dimpled lower down, where the stem is attached, dark underneath; and if they are rubbed, the upper part dissolves into mucus, but lower down is a tough and thin skin, which is not easily split; they float on the water. A little before the leaf on the stem is located a sheath, which, revealing itself, shows many green, flaccid, one digit long [2.5 cm] petioles, which proffer tiny stellate little flowers, the magnitude of a flower of Chili or Capsicum, each one composed of five white petals, downy within, bearing five little yellow stamens. The fruits, however, as far as I know, do not follow.
Radices sunt longae, albae, vermiformes, flaccide caeno inhaerentes. Haec species in parva Cerama seu Hoeamohel reperitur, circa Erang in aquis stagnantibus, et placidis fluminibus.	The roots are long, white, worm-shaped, sticking in the languid mud. This species is found on small Ceram or Hoeamohel, around Erang [Indonesia], in stagnant water and placid rivers.