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| − | '''''Note:''' These study questions are not comprehensive. They are meant to
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| − | ''supplement your lecture notes as you review them, and alert you to the ways in which you should be thinking about
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| − | ''the material, and formulate questions to test yourself. Exams will NOT be limited to the material highlighted in these
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| − | ''questions, or their formats, so your lecture notes and handouts should be your primary reference.''
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| − | ==Lecture 1 (31 August 2010)==
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| − | 1. What are the reasons for studying a particular group of organisms such as vertebrates?
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| − | 2. List the basic functions of living organisms. Provide a vertebrate example for each.
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| − | 3. What is a mechanical constraint? Explain it in terms of one of the three examples (e.g., lizards, Darwin's finches, ''Hydromantes'' salamanders) discussed in lecture.<br>
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| − | 4. Why weren't the ancestors of lizards subject to the same constraint? How have some lizard relatives escaped from this constraint?
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| − | ==Lecture 2 (2 September 2010)==
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| − | 1. Hydromantes salamanders have a high performance, ballistic tongue. What two trade-offs have allowed for this?
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| − | 2. What is a "monophyletic lineage"? Draw the vertebrate phylogeny and label all major monophyletic groups discussed in lecture.
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| − | 3. Which major taxonomic group of vertebrates is the most speciose? The least?
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| − | 4. What vertebrates belong in the monophyletic lineage Lepidosauria? Synapsida? Actinopterygii?
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| − | 5. What are the five major deuterostome lineages? Provide a representative from each lineage.
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| − | 6. Briefly discuss the controversy surrounding Xenoturbella. Most recent studies suggest this organism belongs in what taxonomic group?<br><br>
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| − | ''*Please refer to the {{pdf|http://hydrodictyon.eeb.uconn.edu/courses/EEB2214/Phyl_tut_pptshow2010.ppt}}'''Phylogeny Tutorial''' and {{pdf|http://hydrodictyon.eeb.uconn.edu/courses/EEB2214/EEB214F06treequiz.pdf}}'''Tree Quiz''' for additional help with phylogenetic trees*''
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| − | ==Lecture 3 (7 September 2010)==
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| − | 1. Define the term "sister group". What is the sister group of chordates? What is the sister group of vertebrates?
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| − | 2. Describe "lateral undulation". List three organisms discussed in today's (and past) lectures that use this form of locomotion.
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| − | 3. What is a "homolog" and give an example.
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| − | 4. List three key traits (features) found in chordates. Why are Urochordates (sea squirts, tunicates) considered to be chordates when they do not possess any of these features as adults?
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| − | 5. Describe the feeding behaviors of amphioxus (subphylum Cephalochordata), tunicates (subphylum Urochordata), and hagfishes (subphylum Vertebrata, Myxinoidea). In what group do we see the beginning of a complex digestive system (i.e., midgut cecum)?
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| − | 6. Describe the reproductive strategies of amphioxus (subphylum Cephalochordata), tunicates (subphylum Urochordata), and hagfishes (subphylum Vertebrata, Myxinoidea). Which of these lineages has the ability of reproduce clonally?
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| − | 7. Describe the circulatory system of amphioxus (subphylum Cephalochordata), and tunicates (subphylum Urochordata). Which of these groups has a heart?
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| − | 8. What is direct development? Which of the lineages discussed today consist of direct developers?
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| − | 9. Why are the "teeth" of hagfish (Myxinoidea) not homologous (i.e., evolutionarily related structures) to the teeth of other vertebrates lineages, like sharks, bony fishes, and mammals? How do hagfishes have the ability to generate significant bite force despite lacking a jaw?
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| − | 10. What are the two components of hagfish slime? What else do these two components mix with to generate huge amounts of slime?
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| − | ==Lecture 4 (9 September 2010)==
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| − | ==Lecture 5 (14 September 2010)==
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| − | ==Lecture 6 (16 September 2010)==
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| − | ==Lecture 7 (21 September 2010)==
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| − | [http://hydrodictyon.eeb.uconn.edu/eebedia/index.php/Biology_of_the_Vertebrates Return to main EEB2214 page] | + | |
